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Methods and Tools for Modelling of Multi-Comodity Markets
Janeček, Vítězslav ; Janoušek, Vladimír (referee) ; Hrubý, Martin (advisor)
This study investigates Game theory including economic theories related to agricultural production. Model creation simulating economical system is built upon theoretic starting points. Commodity production is simulated using game theory with searching for Nash equilibria. Commodity demand function is grounded on concept of Cournot game. System includes land trading based on sealed-bid auctions with second-price. This model is using external Gambit software which is freeware library for game theory computations. Model evaluation is located in Experiments section where model structure and truthfulness is tested.
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Global financial crisis from the point of view of economic theories
Zukalová, Kristýna ; Bolotov, Ilya (advisor) ; Jurek, Martin (referee)
Since 2008 the business world, politics, economy and public has been affected by the financial crisis. A financial crisis is generally defined as a broad range of disturbances that affect real economy (negative impacts on employment, production, purchasing power, insolvency and many others). The aim of the thesis is an analysis of approaches to explanation of the global financial crisis in terms of selected economic theories. The hypothesis (there is a state of knowledge that the global crisis could be predicted) is confirmed in this thesis. At the same time, proposals for predicting financial crises are elaborated. For the comparison a multi-criteria decision method is used. As the input criteria the individual causes of the financial crises that are defined in the first part of the thesis are chosen. The criteria are used to evaluate selected variants; the variants represent the real causes of the global financial crisis of 2008.
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Methods and Tools for Modelling of Multi-Comodity Markets
Janeček, Vítězslav ; Janoušek, Vladimír (referee) ; Hrubý, Martin (advisor)
This study investigates Game theory including economic theories related to agricultural production. Model creation simulating economical system is built upon theoretic starting points. Commodity production is simulated using game theory with searching for Nash equilibria. Commodity demand function is grounded on concept of Cournot game. System includes land trading based on sealed-bid auctions with second-price. This model is using external Gambit software which is freeware library for game theory computations. Model evaluation is located in Experiments section where model structure and truthfulness is tested.
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Impact of smoking bans in pubs and restaurants
Vávra, Vít ; Běláčková, Vendula (advisor) ; Poláková, Olga (referee)
Background: The aim of this study is to find out how the smoking ban in public places affected the turnover of restaurants and bars, tobacco consumption and the number of smokers in Europe. To become more familiar with this issue, we will analyze some reasons in favor of implementing the ban. At the end, we will compare collected results with a view of economic theory. Methods: We will focus on five states where regulation has been introduced, namely Ireland, Norway, Italy, Scotland and England. The data necessary to analyze the impact of the ban are obtained from particular studies examining changes in selected states. Then, we will summarize all information, determine how the hospitality sector and tobacco industry were affected and if our results are corresponding with economic theory. Results: Arguments of regulation promoters seem to be at least controversial. From our perspective the only valid argument is based on health complications, which are caused by passive smoking. The growth was not measured for any surveyed area in any country. Regulation caused a decrease in turnover of pubs and restaurants, in sales of tobacco and the number of smokers in the population was reduced because of that too. The economic theory says that structure of the market is shifted by the smoking ban to the inefficient form, which is corresponding with measured results. Discussion: Considering the economic and in our opinion even moral view, it would not be wise to introduce the smoking ban in public places. Both of surveyed branches suffer from the regulation. If the chance to choice whether an establishment will be smoking or not stays in the hands of the owners, who are trying to perfectly meet the supply of their customers. Then there will be an optimal allocation of both smoking and smoke-free establishments, which will cause a maximization of social welfare.
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Risks and Advantages of Adopting the Euro
Tvrzník, Petr ; Dočkal, Dalibor (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Pavel (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to compare and valorize principal advantages and potential risks of adopting the Euro in the Czech Republic. Decision-making, whether to enter the Eurozone or not, represents a very important part of continuing European integration, which means for the post-communist states an economic and political approach to the west countries. The fundamental basis for this bachelor thesis is the theory of optimum currency areas, which is applied to the situation in the Czech Republic. The analysis of particular impacts of adopting the Euro follows. The thesis also includes some considerations about the future of the eurozone and indicates, how the actual debt crisis in some countries might influence those states, which have not adopted the Euro yet.
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Excel and economic theories
Kubalová, Denisa ; Bartošová, Jitka (advisor) ; Bína, Vladislav (referee)
This work is based on describing statistical functions of data analysis which are included in Excel. Every single function is theoretically described and then used in real mathematical and economical situations. This work also includes short introduction to VBA programming and special adds for Excel.
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Ekonomická analýza drogových trhů
Běláčková, Vendula ; Dostálová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Stieber, Michal (referee)
Práce se zabývá ekonomickou teorií, výzkumem a ekonometrickými modely v oblasti nabídkové strany drogových trhů. Meta-analýza literatury ukazuje na základní východiska ekonomické teorie, které se v drogových trzích uplatňují, stejně jako na ekonomické teorie, které se k drogovým trhům explicitně vztahují. V oblasti empirického výzkumu rozděluje drogové trhy na primární, které jsou určeny zemědělskou produkcí surovin na výrobu nelegálních drog v rozvojových zemích, a na koncové, na kterých se v západním světě nelegální drogy z různých oblastí světa střetávají. Třetí rovinou výzkumných prací jsou modely drogových trhů, které pracují s minimálními daty a které poskytují predikce pro drogové politiky. Práce přináší základní doporučení pro výzkum drogových trhů, zarámované do metodologie ekonomické vědy, kontextu dostupných dat, základních výzkumných otázek a možností primárního výzkumu.
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